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苹果Apple Store之父：乔布斯之所以出色，是因为他懂得放权_我的网站
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Japan as soon as this week will begin the controversial release of treated water from the Fukushima nuclear power plant into the ocean.
The Japanese government approved the plan two years ago, saying it is necessary to decommission the power plant, which is operated by Tokyo Electric Power Company. Releases will start Thursday “if they encounter no obstacles,” Prime Minister Fumio Kishida announced this week.
“I have asked TEPCO to swiftly prepare for the water discharge in accordance with the plan approved by the Nuclear Regulation Authority, and expect the water release to start on Aug. 24, weather conditions permitting,” Kishida said.
Despite pushback from neighboring nations and fishing groups, Japanese officials said the plan is safe.
What Is the Release Process?
The wastewater has gone through treatment and is stored in large tanks. Japanese officials say the water needs to be removed so the plant can be decommissioned.
The water will be diluted and released through an underwater tunnel off the coast of Japan. Officials say it will not be near areas where routine fishing occurs.
The entire process is expected to take decades.
Is the Treated Water Safe?
The release plan has been approved by Japan’s nuclear regulation agency and given the go-ahead by the International Atomic Energy Agency, the global nuclear watchdog.
The IAEA’s two-year review of the plan – which involved sampling and testing the treated water – found it to be consistent with the agency’s safety standards with “negligible” impacts to humans and the environment.
“Based on its comprehensive assessment, the IAEA has concluded that the approach and activities to the discharge of ALPS treated water taken by Japan are consistent with relevant international safety standards,” IAEA Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi said in a statement last month.
“Furthermore, the IAEA notes the controlled, gradual discharges of the treated water to the sea, as currently planned and assessed by TEPCO, would have a negligible radiological impact on people and the environment,” he added.
The agency will monitor the water’s release and have a continuous presence on-site at the discharge facility.
“This will ensure the relevant international safety standards continue to be applied throughout the decades-long process laid out by the Government of Japan and TEPCO,” Grossi said.
Nearly all radioactivity has been removed from the treated water – except tritium.
Tritium is a radioactive form of hydrogen that occurs naturally and is also a byproduct of producing electricity at nuclear power plants. It cannot be filtered out of the nuclear wastewater.
Japan plans to dilute the water to bring the level of tritium below regulatory standards. This practice is done at other nuclear power plants, including in the U.S.
One of the biggest critics of the plan is Beijing, a top consumer of exports from Japanese fisheries. Foreign Ministry spokesman Wang Wenbin recently called Japan’s decision “selfish and irresponsible.”
“In disregard of the strong concerns and firm opposition from the international community, the Japanese government announced the decision to start releasing the Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water into the ocean from Aug. 24,” Wang said during a press conference this week, according to a transcription. “This is extremely selfish and irresponsible, as the discharge will spread the risks of nuclear contamination to the rest of the world. And by doing so, Japan is putting its selfish interests above the long-term well being of the entire humanity. China is gravely concerned and strongly opposed to this.”
Hong Kong’s leader this week said the city would "immediately activate" import controls on Japanese seafood to begin on Thursday – the same day as the planned water release.
South Korean activists have also protested the plan, but Seoul recently concluded from its own study that there aren’t any scientific issues.
"Our government has judged that the Japanese side will discharge the contaminated water from the Fukushima nuclear power plant as originally planned and has determined that there are no scientific or technical problems with the planned discharge of the contaminated water," Office for Government Policy Coordination Park First Deputy Park Ku-yeon said this week.
Asked about the situation during a trilateral meeting with President Joe Biden and Prime Minister Kishida at Camp David last week, South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol answered diplomatically but with obvious concern – assigning the issue the “highest priority” and calling for transparency.
“The Fukushima plant's treated water, if it's going to have some type of impact, it would flow through the entire Pacific Ocean having an impact not just on our three countries but all countries around the world,” Yoon said through a translator. “As such, for the sake of safety and health of the people of our three countries and all members of the international community, that should be something that we need to place the highest priority on. Regarding this treated water, based on scientific principles, all of the processing should be carried out accordingly. And at the same time, internationally recognized and reliable IAEA's investigation results are something that we can trust. And I would like to make sure that everything is conducted and carried out in accordance with the procedures established by the IAEA.”
Japan’s plan has faced strong opposition from local fishing groups.
Kishida met with leaders of the Japanese fishery industry on Monday to pledge long-term support for fishing communities.
But Masanobu Sakamoto, head of the National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives, said his group remained opposed to the plan, even though some members have gained confidence about its safety.
“Scientific safety and the sense of safety are different,” Sakamoto said. “Even if it’s safe, reputational damage occurs.”
What Was the 2011 Fukushima Disaster?
A magnitude 9.0 earthquake off the coast of Japan triggered a tsunami that hit the Fukushima power plant, triggering meltdowns in three reactors that contaminated the cooling water.
The accident was given the highest rating on the International Nuclear and Radiological Event Scale due to the high radioactive releases from the plant.
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B | IT之家 7 月 21 日消息，据《商业内幕》20 日报道，曾参与打造 Apple Store 零售店和 Genius Bar 天才吧、后来担任 JCPenney 首席执行官的苹果前高管罗恩 · 约翰逊表示，没有人喜欢事事插手的管理者。
C | 苹果联合创始人史蒂夫 · 乔布斯能够成为出色的领导者，恰恰是因为他懂得放权。 约翰逊希望，自己将于 9 月出版的新书《非同凡“购”：零售如何展现苹果的天才之处（Shop Different: How Retail Revealed Apple's Genius）》能够纠正外界对乔布斯领导方式的误解。
D | 部分人以为乔布斯“痴迷”于每个细节，事实并非如此。“他确实重视细节，但我从未遇到过比他更善于授权的领导者。
E | ” 约翰逊早在 20 世纪 90 年代便已在零售业打响名气。
F | 当时，他与设计师迈克尔 · 格雷夫斯帮助塔吉特推出大型设计师联名项目，让塔吉特迅速获得市场关注。
G | 约翰逊表示，成功案例引起了乔布斯的注意，当时苹果正准备建立自有零售体系。 IT之家从报道中获悉，2000 年加入苹果后，约翰逊负责设计 Apple Store 零售店，并推动门店在全球落地。
H | 在苹果任职约 12 年期间，他经手开设了 350 家门店，另有近 50 家进入筹备阶段，合计约占苹果现有门店总数的四分之三。 苹果零售业务刚刚起步时，乔布斯每周都会与约翰逊的团队开会。随着业务走上正轨，乔布斯逐渐把精力转向 iPhone 等其他重点项目。乔布斯任期接近尾声时，团队大约每半年才会邀请他参加一次面对面会议，不过两人仍经常通电话。 乔布斯深度参与了苹果首家零售店的筹备，也曾在纽约苏豪区旗舰店和第五大道店等几家重要门店开业前亲自参与讨论。
I | 门店的日常经营决策，则基本由约翰逊的团队自行负责。 乔布斯的授权并非放任不管。约翰逊表示，乔布斯会先确保员工真正理解目标，以及目标背后的思考逻辑。要建立这种默契，领导者必须在合作初期投入大量时间了解员工。 约翰逊透露，自己在 2000 年加入苹果不久后，乔布斯便开始频繁打电话给他。
J | 此后约一年里，两人几乎每晚都会交谈，话题从苹果延伸至家庭、信仰和个人爱好。“他希望我真正了解他。” 大约一年后，乔布斯告诉约翰逊，后者已经获得了“完全信任”。遇到不确定“乔布斯会如何处理”的问题时，约翰逊可以直接询问；其他情况下，乔布斯只要求他放手去做出色的工作。
K | “史蒂夫对零售店有极其清晰的愿景，也设定了极高的标准，因此他可以充分放权，并确信团队的决定不会偏离他的思路。” 约翰逊表示，高度自主是团队取得成功的关键。
L | 优秀的领导者不只是招募人才，还要为所有人确立清晰的方向和足够远大的目标。“这就是领导的艺术。
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Published on:06:18:06